Research in Pharmacy and Health Sciences
Volume 11, Issue 3 | July–September 2025
Acacia Arabica (Aqaqia): A Comprehensive Analysis of Traditional Unani Applications and Contemporary Scientific Validation
Authors:
Khan Bashayer, Ayesha Aijaz, Nahida Aqeel
Abstract
Acacia arabica (L.) Willd., known as Aqaqia in Unani medicine and Babool in vernacular language, represents one of the most extensively utilized medicinal plants in traditional healing systems globally.
This comprehensive review synthesizes traditional Unani knowledge with contemporary scientific evidence to evaluate the therapeutic potential of Acacia arabica across multiple healthcare domains. A systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and classical Unani texts spanning from ancient manuscripts to 2024.
Phytochemical analysis reveals a diverse array of bioactive compounds including tannins, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and saponins. Pharmacological investigations demonstrate antimicrobial, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and anti-inflammatory properties supporting traditional Unani applications in gynecological disorders, gastrointestinal ailments, wound healing, and dental care.
The findings highlight Acacia arabica as a promising candidate for evidence-based integration into modern healthcare, particularly in resource-limited settings, although standardized clinical trials remain necessary.
Keywords:
Acacia arabica, Aqaqia, Unani medicine, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, traditional medicine, pharmacological validation
Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Toothpowder
Authors:
Nahida Aqeel, Zakir Khan, Ghazala Mulla, Fahmin Khan, Asif Ansari
Abstract
Tooth powder is a traditional dentifrice used for centuries to maintain oral hygiene and is experiencing renewed popularity as a natural and eco-friendly alternative to toothpaste.
Herbal tooth powders typically contain natural ingredients such as neem, clove, and peppermint that provide antibacterial, cleansing, and breath-freshening properties.
The growing demand for herbal products highlights the need for proper formulation and standardization to ensure safety, quality, and effectiveness. Herbal tooth powders therefore represent a promising natural alternative for maintaining oral health and preventing dental disorders.
Keywords:
Herbal Toothpowder, Oral hygiene, Neem, Antibacterial, Dental caries, Oral care