Research in Pharmacy and Health Sciences
Volume 12, Issue 3 | July–September 2026
Therapeutic Potential of Unani Formulations in Ḥaṣāt-i-Kulya (Nephrolithiasis): A Clinical Case Series
Authors:
KM Gulista Khan, Mohammad Asif Khan*, Rushda Saeedi
Abstract
Background: Urolithiasis is a common urological disorder with considerable global prevalence and recurrence. In Unani medicine, stone formation is attributed to dietary excesses, impaired digestion, and weakened renal expulsive power. Traditional Unani therapies have historically been employed for the dissolution and expulsion of urinary calculi. Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of a selected Unani formulation in the management of urolithiasis. Case Series: A prospective case series was conducted in 2025 at the National Institute of Unani Medicine. Five patients diagnosed with urolithiasis by ultrasonography were included. Patients received a standardized Unani regimen comprising Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi), Tukhm Karafs (Apium graveolens), and Tukhm Jirjeer (Eruca sativa). Clinical symptoms, including flank pain, dysuria, haematuria, and urinary frequency, were assessed weekly along with ultrasonographic evaluation. Results: All five patients demonstrated complete stone clearance following treatment. Significant symptomatic improvement was observed in flank pain, dysuria, haematuria, and urinary frequency. Ultrasonography confirmed fragmentation and passage of urinary stones. No adverse drug reactions or complications were reported during the treatment period. Conclusion: The selected Unani formulations demonstrated promising efficacy and safety in managing urolithiasis, offering a non-invasive and cost-effective therapeutic option.
Keywords: Ḥaṣāt-i-Kulya; Nephrolithiasis; Urolithiasis; Unani Medicine; Herbal Formulations, etc.
Evaluation of Anticancer Activity of Acalypha wilkesiana and Codiaeum variegatum (Euphorbiaceae) Against the A549 Lung Cancer Cell Line using MTT Assay
Authors:
Atreyee Mamidwar*, Rishita Behaniya, Nilesh Hingawe, Ruchita Tale, A.N. Maliye
Abstract
Cancer is perceived as one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, accounting for the highest mortality rates among both men and women. Surgery, chemotherapy, and other cancer treatments have been known to reduce cancer-related deaths but induce adverse effects and are often incompletely effective and develop resistance to drugs. So it is necessary to seek alternative medicine. Many naturally derived products are shown to have anticancer activity. Acalypha wilkesiana and Codiaeum variegatum leaves were evaluated for anticancer effects on lung cell lines. An alcoholic extract of leaves of the plants Acalypha wilkesiana and Codiaeum variegatum was prepared by the Soxhlet extraction method by hot percolation and compared with penicillin-streptomycin for effect on the lung cancer cell line A549. Cytotoxicity at different extract concentrations was evaluated using the MTT assay. In the MTT assay, cells exposed to different concentrations of A. wilkesiana and C. variegatum extracts exhibited a significant decrease in cell viability, indicating moderate cytotoxicity.
Keywords: Acalypha wilkesiana, Codiaeum variegatum, Anticancer activity, cell line, A549, MTT assay, etc.